Synthetic biology is an emerging field of science and engineering that involves the design and construction of new biological parts, devices, and systems that do not exist in nature.
Synthetic biology uses engineering principles to design and build novel biological systems, or to modify and reprogram existing ones, with the goal of creating new functions and capabilities. Synthetic biology can be applied to a wide range of fields, including medicine, agriculture, and environmental science to develop new therapies for diseases, for example to produce sustainable bioproducts, or to design microorganisms that can clean up environmental pollutants, respectively. Techniques routinely used in Synthetic biology include DNA synthesis and assembly, gene editing, and computational modeling. With these techniques, researchers can design and build complex biological systems, test their function, and optimize their performance for a variety of applications.